Saturday, May 12, 2007

Southern India - From Kerala to Chennai

by Theresa Gerritz


We bid adieu to our new friends at the Ayurvedic treatment center. I left two flower hair ornaments with the women who massaged me over four days. Everyone in India loves my barrettes, even the women security guards at the airport who pat you down commented on them. Of course, in India a man could never touch a woman or a woman touch a man. And since women don’t travel much I would always get through security five to ten minutes ahead of Peter.

Now back to Southern India. We drove up into the mountains. The air kept getting cooler and cooler. The vistas were spectacular. We went by banana trees, mangos, and pineapples and little waterfalls began appearing. The roads were narrow but cars and buses managed to pass each other calmly. Animals did not dominate the roadway and set the speed. Pedestrians stayed to the edges of the road. One could travel at over 15 kilometers an hour for the most part.

Our first stop was this incredible Syrian Christian church in Kottayam. The Syrian Christinas of Kerala believe that St. Thomas, one of the apostles of Christ came to Kerala in 52 AD and established 7 churches on its coast. This church is one of the few old churches that still exists in near its original state. The church was built and consecrated in 1579. Kottayam was then ruled by a local raja who invited the brave and hard working Christians to settle down near his fort. To get the right historical perspective it should be remembered that the Cupola of St. Peter’s was consecrated 11 years later in 1590, The Taj Mahal was completed 69 years later in 1648 and Christopher Wren completed St Paul’s in London 131 years later in 1710. (You can see I’m getting influenced by Dr. Pete!) The façade of the church is beautifully done in bas relief. As the church was built during the Portuguese domination of this coast, its style is European with galleries, pillars, cornices and pediments. The capital of the pillars is Corinthian. The pediments have floral decoration. In the center is a niche with a free standing statue of the virgin and child flanked by a group of angels. The façade was incredible. It incorporated symbols from other religions. The serpents you see are from the Hindu tradition. They also appear in the Buddhist tradition. Syrian crosses are much more 3 dimensional and intricate than the traditional Catholic cross. There were beautiful teak carvings and they incorporated peacocks and other animals. There was a special lock for the church doors to keep out the tigers and elephants in ancient times. The Madbaha, which is the holy of holies, or altar, is a piece of art. It has a painted barrel vault built up of carved laterite stones. The eastern wall is painted with various scenes with the virgin mother at its centerpiece. The side walls have paintings depicting various scenes of the passion of the Christ, starting with the last supper, Gadzamane and the arrest and judgment on the northeastern wall, ending with the crucifixion on the south eastern wall. I was impressed even though I was on religious-site overload.

We continued on to Thekkady and were put into this lovely lodge that was on the edge of the forest with beautiful flowers. We washed and then went to see a performance of the Kerala Kalari Centre and saw Kalaipayattu, which, according to the Dance School, is “the oldest form of martial arts- a gift to the modern world and known as the mother of all martial arts. Legend traces the 3000-year-old art form to Sage Parasurama- the master of all martial art forms and credited to be the re-claimer of Kerala from the Arabian Sea. Kalaripayattu originated in ancient South India.”

The dancers (martial artists) were in a pit and we looked down from above. Before every maneuver they bowed to the gods on the altar with the swords, sticks, daggers, spears. We saw how one fights with a shield against a sword, a cloth versus a saber and all other forms of dancing combat. They used tin so at times sparks flew to make it more dramatic in the darkened room. The martial artists were in fantastic shape and it was beautiful to watch their bodies in motion. They also did somersaults through hoops of fire. At one point one of the performers got singed but the show must go on.

After that I went to see the Kathakali show. Like with the martial artists and other dramatic dancers in India, their families have been doing it for generations and the skills are passed down. The makeup for the Kathakali dancing is amazing and takes over an
hour to apply. I watched part of the demonstration of how it was done. Men pose as women and their outfits used hoop-like skirts. In addition there were about a dozen different hand signs that were used to help tell the story. As if this weren’t enough, to the beat of the drums and the music the dancer moves a different part of their face every second in order to show
different emotions.

They enacted part of a moral fable. It was probably from one of the stories of the Hindu
mythology or the Bahagavad Ghita. I could not even stay focused for as long as they could move. It supposedly takes 8 years to master all of the facial
gestures.

In the morning we got up as early as our guide was willing to go in search of tigers.
Walking through the jungle meant wearing canvas leg coverings from the shoe to the knee to keep out leeches. We walked and walked but we never saw tigers. Peter thought, “This guy doesn’t know anything!” I finally asked, “Since we’re not likely to see tigers, can you show us how to see what there is out here?” At this point the quiet guide perked up smiled and let us
know he was an expert ornithologist and started pointing out all the different bird habitats, wherethe monkeys were that Peter affectionately calls “Oh, Ling Ling”! which I think might be the Thai name for monkey, but you’ll have to ask him!

We also came across the most incredible, lacelike fungus or mushroom that I have ever seen in my life. It looked like a giant lantern and the sun shone through it.

As it was time to leave the jungle, our guide was searching for a way out. Peter the fearless explorer probably hurt the guide’s ego when he found the quickest route down to the trail. As we were walking back the guide noticed a leech on my hand. Obviously the leeches are
smart and they know which part of our bodies are fair game. If you have never been leeched you might not know that they first put out an anesthetic so that you don’t feel them. Then they inject something into your body so that the blood does not coagulate. We quickly removed that leech.

A little while later when I was out of the jungle and walking in town, I looked down at my stomach and it was bright red. Somehow a leech had also decided that I was tasty there. I never saw the leech but somehow I must have washed it off in showering. We also went on
a boat ride where we saw lots of elephants, bison, and goat, but by now elephants seemed as common as squirrels or deer—I was much more interested in these beautiful birds - Egyptian geese, larks, wren, warblers, etc..


From Thekkady we went to visit Professor Jacobson’s spice plantation. It was a gorgeous assortment of flowers and spices. The work that goes in to making spices ready for sale is incredible. In many cases each part of the plant has to be individually tied off or harvested. The difference in a day can affect its quality. We got to taste fresh vanilla beans, coco beans, saffron, and so much more. There was something that looked like ginger but wasn’t. We also got to try
this fruit that was a cross between a passionfruit and something else.

We went back and walked around town we were lucky enough to find some internet that
worked and where Peter could use SKYPE. We also found a wonderful little store with a delightful young man from Kashmir who could speak English. He had beautiful earrings. I bought silver Ganesh earrings. Ganesh is a Hindu elephant god that opens the doors to
prosperity, health, wealth, and other good things. I bought these earrings for Marlene, my cleaning lady of over 20 years because she loves elephants and had just had surgery for breast cancer. I hoped they would do the trick and bring her good luck. Peter bought Jill these
beautiful prayer wheel earrings where the prayer wheels turned. They were inscribed with the Buddhist saying


We also bought a beautiful pashmina scarf for Flavia, who was taking care of the house and welcoming each of the people who paid for the privilege of staying in my attic retreat. I had so much fun staying around while they put the hooks in the earrings. We spent an hour talking about the shopkeeper’s life there and his home in Kashmir. As with most young men he was to be part of an arranged marriage within the next year. It was just so nice to have someone to talk to.

We left Thekkady and had to backtrack a bit to go to an area that in very similar to our own, minus the bay and except the hills are covered with tea plants. At one time the tea plants were owned by the British and they even printed their own scrip with which to pay the workers so that the workers wouldn’t leave. Today they are collectives. Remember Kerala is the only communist elected government in India. They have a 99 percent literacy, rate many more rights and opportunities for women, better roads, cleaner air and water, and much less poverty. They do however have a high unemployment rate and many of the young people go abroad for work.

With the high tech development in neighboring states and cities like Bangalore and Hyderabad more jobs are becoming available in India. In fact, when we traveled up the backwaters in old wooden boats that were propelled by pushing a pole against the bed of the
river we saw many people reading. We also saw home industries, like grass-mat weaving.
We were also told about the magnificent boats they have where a hundred and fifty people row in unison and in the center sits a drummer flanked by two oarsmen who are also singers who keep the time for the movement of the oars. On the smaller boats of twenty five and fifty people, women even compete in their own category. As a cultural aside even though
“football” is widely popular, girls do not play. In fact in India where only about 20 percent of the people drive at all, only about 1 percent of the women
have driving licenses.

In southern India, I saw women driving the motorcycle but in northern India it was 99
percent likely that they were a passenger and very rarely did you see a woman riding a bicycle. In southern India women and girls could ride bicycles but our driver did not let his daughter ride a bike because of safety. That doesn’t stop him from putting his whole family on a motorcycle without helmets!

Besides tea plantations, Munnar is also a honeymoon capital, although Richard Gere had a warrant out for his arrest for kissing one of the Bollywood stars. I did see a couple when I was on an isolated trail near a beautiful lookout hold hands and kiss because they thought they were alone. Although you don’t see men and women touching, you do see men holding
hands and women holding hands. The man at the jewelry store asked us if it were true that two men holding hands in America means they are gay. Munnar had a beautiful park with a fantastic children’s playground. They had a “flying squirrel” and both boys and girls were taking turns. Roller skating was also available but on a surface that I couldn’t do without breaking my neck.
People in southern India and Nepal seem to love their children. Meanwhile I watched the people in the north, especially the poor province of Bahar, being very strict and severe with their children.

Most marriages in India are still arranged so these couples are just getting to know each other. As some of our drivers and guides explained to us, “First I married my wife, and then I grew to love her”.

In Munnar, while Peter was recuperating from his Ayurvedic experience, I went to a beautiful open market with the most delicious produce. In some places in India you can see thirty varieties of bananas. I bought fresh mangoes and grapes for us to feast on when we headed down the mountain the next day.
When we returned to Kochi I went shopping with the driver’s daughter for a new outfit. At first she was shy but then she started speaking English with me. We also picked out an outfit for her brother. In the store there are always three or four clerks to wait on you. Then you go and pay for the outfit and then there is a separate place where you go and pick it up. This way more and more people are employed. You cannot judge it and the extra time it takes by American efficiency standards. We could learn a lot by putting people to work to keep the parks clean, the bathrooms safe, and all the ways that they find to make employment.

That evening I was invited to the driver’s house for dinner. They live in a lovely house of five rooms with glass windows and a paved driveway within a gated compound with relatives as neighbors. They had electricity all the time, but the bathroom was outside (which they prefer). They set out a beautiful meal of at least ten different bowls. But when it came time to eat only one place was set. I was to be the honored guest and eleven people were there to watch me. I took tiny portions and the children eager to serve me kept adding more at my request, a teaspoon at a time. It took me one hour to eat the meal between questions.
The food was terrific and much of it I had never seen at an Indian restaurant. I realized it was really a hard time for his wife to be cooking because two days later a nephew was going to be married and that meant a new woman would be entering the compound. I asked about the cost of dowries for them as middle class people. It would cost the brides family about 8
thousand dollars. They make in a good month about 750 dollars. It would cost the man’s family about 800 dollars to pay for the feast for the 300 guests. In
this area a dowry would probably include a motorcycle whereas with my first driver it would be a bicycle.
I went back to the hotel and described to Peter the dinner. He was so thankful that he had not been able to go. I however enjoyed seeing the women and the home and talking to the young relatives of Peter’s age. If it had been daytime, I could have played badminton in their yard.
The children had computers to use at school but not at home. Internet was quite reasonable. Because of Joshy’s job he had a cell phone. Most phones are cell phones and they have towers in the steepest ravines where we would lose reception. Hotels don’t necessarily have computers, nor do banks. Much of accounting is done by hand with carbon copies.
The next morning Peter and I separated. He went to New Delhi and Thailand, and I went to Chennai (old Madras). I was lucky enough to find a Gulf Airlines office hidden in the terminal with the most delightful man who not only hounded AA so I could get on a plane the next day (being in a heat wave of 114) but made sure I had a realistic itinerary for sightseeing, a good place to stay, and that I would not be overcharged by taxi or auto-rickshaw drivers. They also had a great setup in the center of the parking lot where I could leave baggage overnight. So with a large purse I set off alone for the first time in four weeks to explore the
city.

I luckily got a wonderful older rickshaw driver who, without me asking him to, showed me all of the sights that I had listed as wanting to see. First on my list were the beautiful grounds of the Theosophical Society, which was founded in 1875 in New York. Its primary object is universal brotherhood based on the realization that life in all its diverse forms, human and nonhuman is indivisibly one. Theosophy is the wisdom underlying all religions when
they are stripped of accretions and superstitions. It offers a philosophy that renders life intelligible and demonstrates that justice and love guide the cosmos. Its teachings aid the unfoldment of the latent spiritual nature of the human being without dependence or fear.

The Theosophical Society’s grounds are this incredible park like setting with a wonderful old Banyan tree. The grounds are also called “The Lungs of Chennai” because they are one of the few open spaces. It had in the gardens beautiful Buddhist gardens and a major
temple with symbols from all the religions of the world. It had a great library and this wonderful, peaceful, spiritual feeling. And you see how important trees are, because even thought it was 110, it was pleasant, and felt to be only about 90.

I also saw the old Catholic church in Mylapore, Chennai, where St. Thomas’s remains were in a crypt in the basement that you could view and where I lit a candle for Marlene and other friends of mine who were sick in hopes that Our Lady of Mylapore would make a miracle.

In Chennai also all of the women wear jasmine in their hair. They dye it to match their saris and the scent is wonderful.

Another highlight the incredible Kappaleeswarar Hindu temple with its intricate paintings and
sculptures that make the painted Victorian ladies of San Francisco look simple by comparison.

The driver also found me a new hotel by the marina where I could walk even at night and see the families frolicking on the seashore and their version of amusement rides for small children. They also sold popcorn, cotton candy, grilled corn, fresh pineapple, coconut milk, and coconut
shells, cucumbers that are prepared like in Mexico with chili and lime and other wonderful concoctions. At this point I decided I now had the necessary resistance and indulged in grilled corn, cucumbers, pineapple, and popcorn.

Some young men talked to me to practice their English and I had a marvelous time. I
even got brave enough to dip my toe in the waters of the Bay of Bengal. I had not been brave enough to have any of my body parts touch the Ganges or the Arabian Sea or any of the lakes and rivers we had traveled on.
I decided it might be fun to go to the rooftop restaurant, but when I arrived there it was hot and smoky and I was the only woman. So I decided a snack in my room reading Peter’s favorite philosopher, Ken Wilbur, was a better alternative.
The next morning at 4:45 the auto-rickshaw driver returned to take me to the airport. It was already at least 90 degrees. I happily boarded the plane for Muscat in Oman. I had a five hour layover in Oman. Then I flew over hours of desert before reaching the skies above Athens
and eventually France to England. I could have kissed the soil to arrive in England and become invisible. That is to say, no one stared at me for being white.

I was greeted at the airport after 24 hours of travel by my former housemate Jordan and his wife Megan. My being a drama queen, the day was not going to end as peacefully as Megan had hoped. She ran me a bath by candlelight, but being that I don’t use candles and I was half asleep, I forgot to blow them out. I slept through all the smoke alarms in the morning. But did
notice some melting on the fiberglass on the bathtub that I did not remember from the night before! I wanted to be a good houseguest and Megan had thought that she should maybe say something to me but she didn’t want to bother me. The moral of the story is trust your
intuition. Especially when you are dealing with me as a houseguest! I’m still waiting for the bill for that. The hidden cost of vacations!

Friday, May 11, 2007

Kochi - The Ayuverdic Hospital - A detox that killed my bowels



... continued from last post

by Peter

After some rest, my mom and I went out to see the Synagogue, the Vasco de Gama Church and the old V.O.C. (Dutch East India Company) building, then we spent the rest of the night at the hotel before leaving for my friend Sheelas' recommended Ayuverdic Hospital. I wanted the real experiance, not some Ayuverdic Spa that westerners normally go to. We drove about 15km south after some morning yoga and the best breakfast of the trip to a large three story complex call MATT India Medical Centre. The people were very nice and the doctor said she could get my moms bowels to move, plus we were prescribed daily yoga and twice daily massages. My mother was even going to get a bonus of clay therapy. I was excited.

Ayuverdic Massage

Ayurvedic medicine is an ancient system of health care that is native to the Indian subcontinent. The word "Ayurveda" is a tatpurusha compound of the word āyus meaning "life" or "life principle", and the word veda, which refers to a system of "knowledge". Thus "Ayurveda" roughly translates as the "knowledge of life". According to Charaka, "life" itself is defined as the "combination of the body, sense organs, mind and soul, the factor responsible for preventing decay and death, which sustains the body over time, and guides the processes of rebirth". According to this perspective, Ayurveda is concerned with measures to protect "ayus", which includes healthy living along with therapeutic measures that relate to physical, mental, social and spiritual harmony.

Pizhichil
In this treatment, lukewarm herbal oils are applied all over the body by two to four trained masseurs in a special rhythmic way for about 45 to 60 minutes per day.

Sirovashi
Certain lukewarm herbal oils are poured onto the forehead for 15 to 60 minutes per day


So now to actually explain what getting these treatments our like. (on a side note, my mother got different treatment.) The Sirovashi was very relaxing but the head and face massage that followed was incredibly painful and when I said it hurt they just kept going and said it was good pain. By the third day, I had headaches. In regards to the Pizhichil, you are laid BUTT-ASS naked on a hard wooden board without any padding which for a westerner is not good for my joints. After the first massage, my elbows, wrists, and knee joints were red and raw from being pushed back and forth on the massage table for an hour. However, the muscle knots in my neck and shoulders did improve even if my joints ached. On the third day, my mother was finally given a bottle of "castor oil" which did the trick and she had a bowel movement. I was jealous and boy did I get what I deserved.

The next day, after Yoga I was given the pre-castor oil tonic my mother was given and two bottles of warm pink water. After downing the tonic and 1/2 of one of the pink water bottles, my bowels exploded. My entire insides were released. I could finally understand what it must be like to get Lactulose or a prep for a Colonoscopy; however, this was only the start. After, everything solid came out of hole #2, all my stomach contents came out the other side and I was making oral gastric offerings to the porcelain gods. For the next 32 hours, I continued to expunge any and all substance from both orifices of my body. The doctor gave me more tonics, coconut juice, tea, and nothing worked. I couldn't hold anything down and I was starting to get really dehyrated and starting having mild hallucinations. I told my mom at one point after spending 5 or 6 hours on the floor next to the toilet, I would need an IV. Fortunately, my mother said, " Don't you have some acupuncture treatment you can give yourself. " Thankfully, I did CV-12(Middle heater, stomach Mu point), ST -25 (anti-nausea), CV-7 (lower heater, i.e small and large intestine) and Cv-5( adrengic mu point) later I was able to take sleep for 5-6 hours without needing to go to the bathroom. The next morning we were picked up by Joshy and I was really happy to go. It took me 3 days after that before I stopped the nausea and the constipation; although, I didn't try any more acupuncture which probably would have helped me heal earlier.

Kerela - "Gods Own Country" - not my God



I am back in Fort Cochin on my second to last day in India (Hurrah!). I can only say this trip has not been a vacation. It has been a learning experiance in assumptions, in learning how to ask direct questions, enunciating the english langauge well does not = ability to speak english, and many other lessons. In the coming paragraphs, I will try and recap the ups and downs of our trip through the Indian State of Kerala.

May 2nd, 2007 - A night in Bangalore

My mother and I barely escaped the nightmare that was Bangalore. Our delayed flight arrived a little past one in the morning and a nice Sikh IT worker for Oracle named Jaspreet tried to help my mother and I find a safe, clean, hotel near the airport. All the recommended hotels in our Lonely Planet were full and we were left to use of the hotel finding services, which for a nominal fee (500 rupess = $12.00) could alledgedly book a hotel. Now in most countries, when you book a hotel for someone, you make sure the hotel has a room... BUT not in Bangalore. We arrived via Tuk-tuk around 2am and my mother was in bad shape. The fatigue and 10 days of constipation were showing their toll and she was dehydrated. When we got to the hotel, we waited around for 15 minutes patiently while I ascertained that 1) there were no rooms and 2)there was no clean water. Being in an angry state as seems to be the norm for me, I asked, really, demanded someplace to sleep. With our bags in hand, we marched down the street to a sister hotel which had no air conditioning, something else we were promised and had paid for. I decided some sleep was better than none, while my poor mother tried to have a bowel movement and take a shower. On her way out, she slipped owing to the fact the power and water went out, oh and there was not bathmat on a slippy tile floor with multiple levels, hit her tailbone leaving a nice bruise, my acupuncture needles couldn't touch. The next morning we left ASAP after I told the hotel manager that I would pay him half of the expected sum. But, he demanded all of it, we settled on 70%.

May 3rd, 2007 - Arrival in Kochi (aka cochin)

Kochi ( is a city in the Indian state of Kerala. The city is one of the principal seaports of the country and is located in the district of Ernakulam, about 220 kilometres (137 mi) north of the state capital, Thiruvananthapuram. It has an estimated population of 600,000, with an extended metropolitan population of about 1.5 million, making it the largest urban agglomeration and the second largest city in Kerala after the capital. Since 1102 CE, Kochi was the seat of the Kingdom of Cochin, a princely state which traces its lineage to the Kulasekhara empire. Heralded as the Queen of the Arabian Sea, Kochi was an important spice trading centre on the Arabian Sea coast from the 14th century onwards. Ancient travellers and tradesmen referred to Kochi in their writings, variously alluding to it as Cocym, Cochym, Cochin, and Cochi. Occupied by the Portuguese in 1503, Kochi was the site of the first European colonial settlement in India. It remained the capital of Portuguese India until 1530, when Goa became the capital. The city was later occupied by the Dutch, the Mysore and the British. Kochi was the first princely state to willingly join the Indian Union, when India gained independence in 1947.

Looking down over the tropical lush forests and deltas of Kerala, I saw hope. We landed on time to a nice private airport and were immediatly met by our guide/driver Joshy, a person recommended by my mothers friend, Joan, and necklaces of Jasmine Flowers. The air was clean, their was a breeze and I was looking forward to an Ayuverdic treatment and seeing Malabar, the ol capital of the Spice Trade. We made our way the 40km in a nice new big air conditioned Toyota to the Kochi peninsula neighborhood of Fort Cochin. Fort Cochin is where the Portugese, then Dutch, and finally British traders settled and made their headquarters in the Spice Trades. Vasco de Gama was even originally buried here and the town is definately colonial sitting right on the coastline of the Arabian Sea. Joshy had arranged for us to stay at the luxurious Bruton Boatyard Hotel which is a converted Dutch ship building office with ocenside rooms only. The room was stunning, with a huge bathtube and balcony with dolphins swimming as fishing boats sailed by. I though, where is this India in the North? I left my mom to sleep off Bangalore and went exploring.

The Jews of Kerala




The Malabari Jews formed a prosperous trading community of Kerala, and they controlled a major portion of world wide spice trade. In 1568, the Jews of Kerala constructed the Paradesi Synagogue adjacent to Mattancherry Palace, Cochin, now part of the Indian city of Ernakulam, on land given to them by Paraja, the Raja of Kochi. The original synagogue was built in the 4th century in Kodungallur (Cranganore) when the Jews had a mercantile role in the South Indian region along the Malabar coast now called Kerala. It was later moved to Kochi from Kodungallur. The first synagogue of the Malabari Jews in Cochin was destroyed in the Portuguese persecution of the Malabari Jews and Nasrani people of Kerala in the 1500s. The second synagogue, built under the protection of the Raja of Cochin along with Dutch patronage, is the present synagogue. It is called Paradesi synagogue because it was built with Dutch patronage at a time when Kochi was under Dutch occupation, thus the name paradesi synagogue or "foreign synagogue".

Wednesday, May 2, 2007

The Return to India - One Last Day in Kathmandu, the Buddhas 2551 Birthday



"India is an amazing country, full of contradictions. It is a place of beauty with warm and generous people on one hand; on the other, millions and millions of its inhabitants live in the worst poverty imaginable."

I awoke this morning dreading the day. I knew today I had to return to India. Coming back here is both intriguing and scary. It is like the first day of starting school in a new grade. India is a great teacher and I do not always want to learn. I am looking forward to Kerala and the South, as well as the opportunity to spend 6 days in one place at one of Kerala's famous Ayuverdic Spas. However, at that moment, I only wanted to stay in bed.

After alot of coaching, my mother finally convinced me to pack up and visit the local Tibetan Temple that was about a 5 minute walk from our hotel. Two days earlier, she had met a Thangka (Scroll) Painter Teacher who had shown her the best Sange Mela (Medicine Buddha) she had seen.

The temple was gorgeous. It had just been painted and refurbished for the coming Full Moon Celebration marking the Buddha's Birthday with new prayer flags, incense, and candles everywhere. There was a throng of people as I made my way to the main alter to do my last proscretions to the Dhamma, Sangha, and Buddha before leaving Nepal. Next to the Stupa square was the Thangka School.

We were immediatly greeted by the teachers brother who showed us the Medicine Buddha. It was stunning and unlike any other we had visited in the last four days of Thangka shopping (about 100 stores in all, 300-400 Medicine Buddha and Medicine Mandala Scrolls). My mother showed her negotiating ability and walked out the door with a delivery to our hotel in an hour with 60% of the asking price. Strong work, mom.

The rest of the morning was spent shopping for a lighweight sleeping bag and raincoat. We only visited about 16 stores for this purchase before finding a Tibetan proprietor who had 500 gram (about 1.1 pound) sleeping bags for $60.00 USD and a Northface Chinese Knock off for $70.00 that would be $300.00 in the US. We then headed to the airport to catch our flight to New Dehli and then on to Kochi, Kerala Province via Bangalore.